FBG Sensors
As a type of fiber optic sensor, FBG sensors come with all the typical advantages associated with optical fiber technology. These include low loss relative to fiber length, immunity to electromagnetic and radio frequency interference, compact size and weight, and safe operation in hazardous environments. They also offer high sensitivity and long-term reliability.
Moreover, fiber Bragg grating technology features inherent serial multiplexing capabilities and can deliver absolute measurements without the need for referencing. This makes FBG sensors an excellent alternative to traditional electrical sensing technologies.
Types Of Sensors
FBG optical sensors are designed to operate in harsh environments including extreme temperatures, high radiation, vacuum conditions, high pressure, and low temperatures. They are used in applications such as monitoring hotspots in power transformers and switch cabinets, tracking vibrations and temperatures in high-power generators, assessing the condition of wind blades, monitoring stress in aircraft fuel tanks, and measuring strain, temperature, and displacement in thermal nuclear reactors. Additionally, they are used in spacecraft monitoring and more.
We offers high-quality FBG ultrasonic, temperature and pressure sensors.
Working Principle
FBG sensor technology is grounded in advanced physics and engineering. A laser light beam travels through a fiber core in a precisely defined manner. A Bragg grating is photolithographed onto the core of the optical fiber, allowing the reflections from this grating to create a stable sensor. Changes in strain, pressure, temperature, vibration, and acceleration along the fiber lead to a shift in wavelength and alterations in the magnitude of reflections. This enables highly accurate measurements, whether over extended periods or in rapid scenarios.
The FBG pressure sensor utilizes FBG as the sensing element, making it sensitive not only to mechanical deformation but also to temperature fluctuations.
As the light beam encounters the fiber Bragg grating structure, only a specific wavelength is reflected due to the refractive index. This specific wavelength is referred to as the Bragg wavelength, which allows the fiber optic Bragg grating to transmit most of the light while reflecting a particular wavelength.
FBG pressure sensors can be installed at a distance from the interrogators, making them suitable for quasi-distributed systems based on FBG technology, as well as any distributed systems. In contrast, FBG temperature sensors typically respond quickly and retain low heat. They require no external power supply, grounding, or galvanic isolation, and they operate effectively even in adverse climatic conditions and harsh environments.
Classification
- Strain Sensors: These sensors operate similarly to temperature sensors, with their wavelength responding to applied strain. They are directly spot-welded to the surface of metal structures and protected by a silicone cover for durability.
- Temperature Sensors: These sensors detect shifts in wavelength as temperature changes. Encased in a compact steel housing, they can be easily installed in various materials, including concrete.
- Pressure Sensors: Designed to measure the relative pressure or level of liquids and gases, these sensors are used in confined tubes, tanks, vessels, and pipelines.
- Displacement Sensors: These sensors measure the extent of deformation in various structures. Typically fixed to the surface of a structure, they track distance changes between two anchor points.
- Vibration Sensors: Also known as accelerometers, these sensors measure acceleration at different frequencies to assess structural vibrations. They are compact, highly resistant to corrosion, and reliable in harsh environments.
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